Abstract/Summary: Objective:  To examine the status and the related factors of drinking water behavior among households in rural areas of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Guangxi) and to explore effective drinking water treatment methods other than water-boiling in rural households. Methods:  We conducted a face-to-face questionnaire survey among 450 households selected with multi-stage stratified random sampling in two counties of Guangxi between 2013 and 2014. We collected information  on  10  aspects  related  to  drinking  water  treatment.  We  adopted  multivariate  logistic  regression  to  analyze influencing factors of drinking water behavior among the households. Results:   Of all the households surveyed, 47.5 %, 35.0 %,and 17.5 % reported taking boiled, bottled, and unboiled water as drinking water, respectively. There was a significant difference in the proportion of households taking boiled water as drinking water (χ2 = 9.547, P = 0.002). Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that the households with higher level of relevant knowledge (odds ratio [OR] = 0.290, 95 %confidence interval[95 %CI]:0.097 – 0.865), not discharging sewage at will (OR = 0.295, 95 %CI:0.112 – 0.776), without household water storage (OR = 0.059, 95%CI:0.013 – 0.269), and not preferring to drink boiled water (OR = 0.001, 95 %CI:0.000 – 0.005) were more unlikely to take boiled water as drinking water. Conclusion:   In rural areas of Guangxi, the proportion of households using electric kettle to boil water for drinking is not high and a number of households use fuel-based method to boil drinking water or drink bottled water; some households even drink unboiled water; the over standard rate of microbial indicators is relatively high for samples of the drinking water for the households.